Mounted on Track Drill Rig Machine Well Drilling Rig for Sale
Product Information of XY-400C Drilling Rig Machine
According to the difficulties of customers encountered in the actual drilling: (1)Time-consuming of installation and dismantle, labor force waste; (2) Potential safety problems and difficult to transport,high cost and time-consuming effort; (3)Integrative mud pump failure rate is high, the space is narrow when replace the piston, operation is extremely difficult, avoild the mud pump from water in winter also is a practical problem.
Thus our engineers and technical experts develop and produce the brand new model XY 400C with over 20 years drilling machinery production experience,by repeated practice and improvement,finally we can offer you the mature products model XY-400C.
Parameters of XY-400C Drilling Rig Machine
1. Main Parameters
Max. Drilling Depth
400m
Diameter of drill pipe
Φ42,Φ50,Φ60,Φ76
Angle of vertical spindle
0°~90°
Drilling capability
Φ75mm (3in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 400m
Φ108mm (4.25) drill diameter
Max. Depth 320m
Φ127mm (5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 280m
Φ168mm (6 3/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 220m
Φ219mm (8 3/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 160m
Φ273mm (10 3/4in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 130m
Φ400mm (15 3/4in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 100m
Φ500mm (19 1/2in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 50m
Φ600mm (23 3/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 30m
2. Vertical Spindle
Rotation speed
Forward 8 grades
50-1150r/min
Reverse 2 grades
29-137r/min
Spindle stroke
600mm
Spindle bore
62mm
Hoisting capability
6000kg
Max. Torque
2800N.m
3. Main hoist
Lifting speed of single wire
0.5-1.9m/s
Diameter of wire rope
14.0mm
Carry capacity of single wire
4000kg
Diameter of winding drum
300mm
Volume of winding drum
50m
Lifting capability of single wire
3000kg
4.Auxiliary Hoist
Winding drum
140mm
Diameter of steel wire rope
6mm
Volume of winding drum
450m
5. Mud pump(as per your choice)
Horizontal triplex mud pump
BW-200II
Displacement
200L/min
Working pressure
50kg/cm² @ 5MPa
Diameter of water inlet hose
65mm
Diameter of water outlet hose
38mm
6.Power supply(choose 1 between the following two)
Diesel engine
17.6kw (24HP)
Electrical motor
Y160L-4,18.5kw
7. Weight and Dimension of main drilling rig
Weight
3000kg
Dimension
3980×1950×2750mm
8.Six-wheel Trailer
Walking speed
Less than 10Km/h
Frame carrying capacity
8.5 tons
Steering wheel 600-14(Single wheel)
0.68 tons
Bearing wheel 650-14(double wheels)
0.9 tons
Minimum turing angle
6.8m
Characteristics of XY-400C Drilling Rig Machine
(1) XY-400C has 8 grades forward rotation speed and 2 grades reverse rotation speed, wide speed adjustable rang.
(2) Compact mechanical transmission structure, light weight, large diameter of spindle bore, hydraulic stabilizer legs, good rigidity .
(3) Advanced hydraulic system design makes the control handles concentrated, compact layout reasonable, easy operation, flexible and reliable; Can realize remote speed change, more humanization operation.
(4) Uses the electric-start diesel engine, greatly reduces the labor intensity of operators, especially more efficient in the cold season when the diesel engine start is difficult, showing its great advantage.
(5)Equipped with the bottom hole pressure indicator, easy to master the situation inside the hole.
(6)The above two kindsall use the latest XY-400 host, hydraulic stabilizer legs, foldable hydraulic drilling tower ofhydraulic automatic rise and fall, greatly improve the working efficiency,reduces the labor intensity.The actual construction have proved that our XY-400 series dramatically increase the economic benefit of users.
Working of Drilling Rig Machine
Difference models for choice:
Model
Drilling Caliber
Max. depth
Feature
XY100
75~300mm
100m
Disassemble drill tower;
Small in size.
XY-130
75~300mm
130m
XY-150
75~400mm
150m
XY-180
75~400mm
180m
XY-200
75~400mm
200m
XY-200F
75~400mm
200m
Integrative drill tower;
Easy to transport.
XY-200C
75~400mm
200m
XY-600F
75~500mm
600m
DEFY Service
1.Professional technical support pre-sale, sale and after-sale . 2.Your problems can get feedback in 8 hours and be solved in 24 hours. 3.Machine can be customized as per your requirement. 4.One year quality warranty. 5.Training: operation manual and DVD operation video, overseas installation is also available. 6.Spare parts are available in our factory at cost price for former customers.
FAQ
Q1: Are you trading company or manufacturer? A1: We are original equipment manufacturer.we design,produce and sell.We master the core technology, and constantly adjust our products according to the market trend and customer feedback, ensure product quality.
Q2: How long is your delivery time? A2: It is according to the model and quantity. Generally it is 3-5 days if the machines are in stock. It will be 15-30 days if you want to customize the machines.
Q3: What do I need to do after payment? A3: a) If under FOB trading terms,you need to employ a ship forwarder to ship the goods to you; b) Under CIF trading terms,we send the goods to the destination port,and contact you to pick up the goods; All documents for customs clearance will be sent to you by international express after shipment.
How to choose a suitable drilling rig?
1. What will you do using drilling rig? —For water project, core sample, soil test, mineral prospect or others?
2. The depth you need? —For water well, generally, 30-200m. For core sample, 30-600m, even more.
3. Any requirements to hole diameter?
—Within a certain range, the smaller diameter, the deeper depth. Mathematically, we call it inversely proportional.
4. Working land condition? A. soil, sand, weathered land, etc. soft stratum. B. soil, sand, soft and hard rock stratum, mixed one. C. Mainly hard rock, like granite.
Based on the above information, Our experienced engineers will help you recommend suitable machine and price. If you have special demands, please tell us ahead.
About Us
HangZhou CZPT Mechanical & Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd. locates in High-tech zone of HangZhou city, China.
Our factory dedicates in manufacturing drilling rig since 1970s, more than 40 years’ experience of production and development makes our product quality rank in the leading position at home and abroad.
We are always seeking for ever greater perfection, keeping improving the production technology, offering better user experience.
What is a drive shaft?
If you notice a clicking noise while driving, it is most likely the driveshaft. An experienced auto mechanic will be able to tell you if the noise is coming from both sides or from 1 side. If it only happens on 1 side, you should check it. If you notice noise on both sides, you should contact a mechanic. In either case, a replacement driveshaft should be easy to find.
The drive shaft is a mechanical part
A driveshaft is a mechanical device that transmits rotation and torque from the engine to the wheels of the vehicle. This component is essential to the operation of any driveline, as the mechanical power from the engine is transmitted to the PTO (power take-off) shaft, which hydraulically transmits that power to connected equipment. Different drive shafts contain different combinations of joints to compensate for changes in shaft length and angle. Some types of drive shafts include connecting shafts, internal constant velocity joints, and external fixed joints. They also contain anti-lock system rings and torsional dampers to prevent overloading the axle or causing the wheels to lock. Although driveshafts are relatively light, they need to handle a lot of torque. Torque applied to the drive shaft produces torsional and shear stresses. Because they have to withstand torque, these shafts are designed to be lightweight and have little inertia or weight. Therefore, they usually have a joint, coupling or rod between the 2 parts. Components can also be bent to accommodate changes in the distance between them. The drive shaft can be made from a variety of materials. The most common material for these components is steel, although alloy steels are often used for high-strength applications. Alloy steel, chromium or vanadium are other materials that can be used. The type of material used depends on the application and size of the component. In many cases, metal driveshafts are the most durable and cheapest option. Plastic shafts are used for light duty applications and have different torque levels than metal shafts.
It transfers power from the engine to the wheels
A car’s powertrain consists of an electric motor, transmission, and differential. Each section performs a specific job. In a rear-wheel drive vehicle, the power generated by the engine is transmitted to the rear tires. This arrangement improves braking and handling. The differential controls how much power each wheel receives. The torque of the engine is transferred to the wheels according to its speed. The transmission transfers power from the engine to the wheels. It is also called “transgender”. Its job is to ensure power is delivered to the wheels. Electric cars cannot drive themselves and require a gearbox to drive forward. It also controls how much power reaches the wheels at any given moment. The transmission is the last part of the power transmission chain. Despite its many names, the transmission is the most complex component of a car’s powertrain. The driveshaft is a long steel tube that transmits mechanical power from the transmission to the wheels. Cardan joints connect to the drive shaft and provide flexible pivot points. The differential assembly is mounted on the drive shaft, allowing the wheels to turn at different speeds. The differential allows the wheels to turn at different speeds and is very important when cornering. Axles are also important to the performance of the car.
It has a rubber boot that protects it from dust and moisture
To keep this boot in good condition, you should clean it with cold water and a rag. Never place it in the dryer or in direct sunlight. Heat can deteriorate the rubber and cause it to shrink or crack. To prolong the life of your rubber boots, apply rubber conditioner to them regularly. Indigenous peoples in the Amazon region collect latex sap from the bark of rubber trees. Then they put their feet on the fire to solidify the sap.
it has a U-shaped connector
The drive shaft has a U-joint that transfers rotational energy from the engine to the axle. Defective gimbal joints can cause vibrations when the vehicle is in motion. This vibration is often mistaken for a wheel balance problem. Wheel balance problems can cause the vehicle to vibrate while driving, while a U-joint failure can cause the vehicle to vibrate when decelerating and accelerating, and stop when the vehicle is stopped. The drive shaft is connected to the transmission and differential using a U-joint. It allows for small changes in position between the 2 components. This prevents the differential and transmission from remaining perfectly aligned. The U-joint also allows the drive shaft to be connected unconstrained, allowing the vehicle to move. Its main purpose is to transmit electricity. Of all types of elastic couplings, U-joints are the oldest. Your vehicle’s U-joints should be inspected at least twice a year, and the joints should be greased. When checking the U-joint, you should hear a dull sound when changing gears. A clicking sound indicates insufficient grease in the bearing. If you hear or feel vibrations when shifting gears, you may need to service the bearings to prolong their life.
it has a slide-in tube
The telescopic design is a modern alternative to traditional driveshaft designs. This innovative design is based on an unconventional design philosophy that combines advances in material science and manufacturing processes. Therefore, they are more efficient and lighter than conventional designs. Slide-in tubes are a simple and efficient design solution for any vehicle application. Here are some of its benefits. Read on to learn why this type of shaft is ideal for many applications. The telescopic drive shaft is an important part of the traditional automobile transmission system. These driveshafts allow linear motion of the 2 components, transmitting torque and rotation throughout the vehicle’s driveline. They also absorb energy if the vehicle collides. Often referred to as foldable driveshafts, their popularity is directly dependent on the evolution of the automotive industry.
It uses a bearing press to replace worn or damaged U-joints
A bearing press is a device that uses a rotary press mechanism to install or remove worn or damaged U-joints from a drive shaft. With this tool, you can replace worn or damaged U-joints in your car with relative ease. The first step involves placing the drive shaft in the vise. Then, use the 11/16″ socket to press the other cup in far enough to install the clips. If the cups don’t fit, you can use a bearing press to remove them and repeat the process. After removing the U-joint, use a grease nipple Make sure the new grease nipple is installed correctly. Worn or damaged U-joints are a major source of driveshaft failure. If 1 of them were damaged or damaged, the entire driveshaft could dislocate and the car would lose power. Unless you have a professional mechanic doing the repairs, you will have to replace the entire driveshaft. Fortunately, there are many ways to do this yourself. If any of these warning signs appear on your vehicle, you should consider replacing the damaged or worn U-joint. Common symptoms of damaged U-joints include rattling or periodic squeaking when moving, rattling when shifting, wobbling when turning, or rusted oil seals. If you notice any of these symptoms, take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic for a full inspection. Neglecting to replace a worn or damaged u-joint on the driveshaft can result in expensive and dangerous repairs and can cause significant damage to your vehicle.
600m Deep Hole Drilling Rig Machine for Water Well
Product Information of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
XY-600F hydraulic drilling rig adopts the latest technology for CZPT drilling. It is widely used to drill water well, geothermal hole, mining blasting, geological exploration, water conservancy, etc.
Parameters of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
XY-600F Drilling Rig
1. Main Parameters
Max. Drilling Depth
600m
Diameter of drill pipe
Φ42,Φ50,Φ60,Φ76
Angle of vertical spindle
90°~65°
Drilling capability
Φ75mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 600m
Φ108mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 500m
Φ127mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 400m
Φ159mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 300m
Φ219mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 210m
Φ273mm(10-4/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 150m
Φ500mm(19-3/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 80m
2. Vertical Spindle
Rotation speed
Forward 10 grades
30-1050r/min
Reverse 2 grades
29-137r/min
Spindle stroke
560mm
Spindle bore
96mm
Hoisting capability
6000kg
Max. Torque
3800N.m
3. Main hoist
Lifting speed of single wire
0.5-1.9m/s
Diameter of wire rope
12.5mm
Carry capacity of single wire
4000kg
Diameter of winding drum
300mm
Volume of winding drum
50m
Lifting capability of single wire
3000kg
4.Auxiliary Hoist
Winding drum
140mm
Diameter of steel wire rope
6mm
Volume of winding drum
450m
5. Mud pump(as per your choice)
Horizontal triplex mud pump
BW-200II
Displacement
200L/min
Working pressure
50kg/cm² @ 5MPa
Diameter of water inlet hose
65mm
Diameter of water outlet hose
38mm
6.Power supply(choose 1 between the following two)
Diesel engine
Model 4100,38KW(50PS)
Electrical motor
Y180M-4B35,22kw
7. Weight and Dimension of main drilling rig
Weight
2880kg
Dimension
3700×1850×3200mm
8.Six-wheel Trailer
Walking speed
25Km/hr
Frame carrying capacity
4 tons
Steering wheel 600-14
0.75 tons
Bearing wheel 650-15
0.9 tons
Minimum turning angle
6.8m
9. Oil Pump
CBN-F32
Working pressure
20Mpa
Displacement
32L/min
Characteristics of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
(1) XY-600F adopts the newest automobile transmission assembly, with 10 grades forward rotation speed and 2 grades reverse rotation speed, reasonable design, wide speed adjustable range, can meet various stratum drilling requirements.
(2) Can meet the demand for various high efficiency drilling process needs, such as diamond wire line coring, impact drilling, reverse circulation continuous coring (sampling) etc.
(3) Strong power, strong torque, strong bearing capacity, convenient to solve different downhole accidents. Compact mechanical transmission structure, light weight, large diameter of spindle bore, hydraulic stabilizer legs, good rigidity .
(4) Using hexagonal kelly bar to ensure the stable transmission of torque. Can not only meet the small-diameter CZPT deep hole drilling, but also can satisfy the large-diameter carbide drilling and different engineering drilling works.
(5) Advanced hydraulic system design makes the control handles concentrated, compact layout reasonable, easy operation, flexible and reliable; Can realize remote speed change, more humanization operation.
(6) The hydraulic system can adjust the feed pressure and feed speed during controlling the feed process, in order to meet different stratum drilling needs. At the same time it is equipped with the bottom hole pressure indicator, easy to master the situation inside the hole.
(7) The vertical spindle is equipped with hydraulic chuck,using the connecting rod type spring to clamp, hydraulic chuck to loosen, carbide welding type slips, strong clamping force,long service life and reliable operation.
(8) Advanced transfer case design, can implement easily independent operation of vertical shaft and winch.
Working of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
DEFY Service
1.Professional technical support pre-sale, sale and after-sale . 2.Your problems can get feedback in 8 hours and be solved in 24 hours. 3.Machine can be customized as per your requirement. 4.One year quality warranty. 5.Training: operation manual and DVD operation video, overseas installation is also available. 6.Spare parts are available in our factory at cost price for former customers.
Other models for your choice:
Model
Drilling Caliber
Max. depth
Feature
XY100
75~300mm
100m
Disassemble drill tower;
Small in size.
XY-130
75~300mm
130m
XY-150
75~400mm
150m
XY-180
75~400mm
180m
XY-200
75~400mm
200m
XY-200F
75~400mm
200m
Integrative drill tower;
Easy to transport.
XY-200C
75~400mm
200m
XY-600F
75~500mm
600m
FAQ
Q1: Are you trading company or manufacturer? A1: We are original equipment manufacturer.we design,produce and sell.We master the core technology, and constantly adjust our products according to the market trend and customer feedback, ensure product quality.
Q2: How long is your delivery time? A2: It is according to the model and quantity. Generally it is 3-5 days if the machines are in stock. It will be 15-30 days if you want to customize the machines.
Q3: What do I need to do after payment? A3: a) If under FOB trading terms,you need to employ a ship forwarder to ship the goods to you; b) Under CIF trading terms,we send the goods to the destination port,and contact you to pick up the goods; All documents for customs clearance will be sent to you by international express after shipment.
How to choose a suitable drilling rig?
1. What will you do using drilling rig? —For water project, core sample, soil test, mineral prospect or others?
2. The depth you need? —For water well, generally, 30-200m. For core sample, 30-600m, even more.
3. Any requirements to hole diameter?
—Within a certain range, the smaller diameter, the deeper depth. Mathematically, we call it inversely proportional.
4. Working land condition? A. soil, sand, weathered land, etc. soft stratum. B. soil, sand, soft and hard rock stratum, mixed one. C. Mainly hard rock, like granite.
Based on the above information, Our experienced engineers will help you recommend suitable machine and price. If you have special demands, please tell us ahead.
About Us
HangZhou CZPT Mechanical & Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd. locates in High-tech zone of HangZhou city, China.
Our factory dedicates in manufacturing drilling rig since 1970s, more than 40 years’ experience of production and development makes our product quality rank in the leading position at home and abroad.
We are always seeking for ever greater perfection, keeping improving the production technology, offering better user experience.
Screw Shaft Types
If you’re looking for a screw shaft, but aren’t sure which type to buy, you’re in luck. In this article, we’ll talk about the different types, including Threaded shank, Round head, and Machined. Once you’ve read it, you’ll know which type to buy. Then, you can decide whether you want a ball screw nut or a threaded shank.
Machined screw shafts
Besides the standard stainless steel shaft, manufacturers also provide a variety of other materials, such as titanium, bronze, and brass. In addition to stainless steel, manufacturers also provide a variety of top-coating options, including zinc, brass, and chromium. Aluminum screws are not particularly durable and are easily affected by weather. Most screw shafts feature self-locking mechanisms. They are especially useful in C-clamps, vises, and screw-top container lids. For applications where accuracy is vital, a ball screw shaft needs to be annealed. A heat treatment can be performed on the ball screw shaft to ensure that both ends are heated evenly. In this process, the shaft will be more durable, while maintaining its high-precision properties. These screw shafts are a key component in computer-controlled motion-control systems, wire bonding, and other industries that require high-precision and high-quality performance. Depending on the material used, screw shafts can be made of stainless steel or titanium. High-precision CNC machines and lathes are typically used to manufacture screw shafts. Various shapes and sizes are available, each with a specific application. Whether you need a small or large screw, you can find 1 to fit your needs. And since each size requires a different material, your choice of material is important as well. In general, the materials used for machining screw shafts are steel, stainless steel, titanium, brass, bronze, and aluminum. Metals that resist corrosion are also commonly used. Other materials for screw shafts are Teflon, nylon, and nylon. You can also find threaded screw shafts in materials such as porcelain, glass, and ceramic. If you want to use your screws in a unique material, consider purchasing a customized one.
Ball screw nuts
If you have a screw shaft, the last thing you want to worry about is the ball nut slipping off. To prevent this, you can place a temporary stop in the shaft’s grooves to ensure that the ball nut does not slide off. When you remove the stop, you can then install the ball screw nut. But, before you can install the ball screw nut, you have to make sure that you have a good grip on the shaft. When selecting ball screw nuts, it’s important to consider how much preload you need to apply to avoid excessive backlash. Preloading eliminates this problem by making the ball nut compact. It also prevents backlash, which is lost motion caused by clearance between the ball and nut. Backlash disrupts repeatability and accuracy. This is where spacer preloading comes in. You can insert a spacer between the 2 ball nuts to transmit the force to the nut. However, you should keep in mind that this method reduces the load capacity of the ball screw. The critical speed of a screw is the maximum rotating speed before it whips. This critical speed is influenced by several factors, including the diameter of the screw shaft, the number of support elements, and the material. By adjusting these factors, you can reduce the number of components used and the amount of time it takes to assemble the screw shaft. In addition, you can also reduce the number of components and avoid stacking tolerances. However, the critical speed of plastic nuts is limited due to sliding friction. The ball screw nut has several characteristics that make it unique. Its most prominent feature is the presence of ball bearings. These balls help reduce friction between the screw nut and the shaft. Without ball bearings, the friction would be too high to function properly. Another important characteristic is the groove profile of the nut and ball. These 2 features ensure that the ball and the nut meet at 2 points. You’ll be amazed by the results of the work of these ball screw nuts.
Threaded shank
Wood screws are usually not fully threaded because the shank has an unthreaded portion at the top. This shoulder part forces the screw to compress 2 pieces of wood, which prevents the screw from overheating and compromising the materials strength. As the screw is threaded partially up, it is not as difficult to remove as a fully threaded screw. However, it is important to note that a wood screw will not hold as tightly as 1 with a fully threaded shank. In addition to being universal, screw threads can be of different sizes. For example, a M8 screw has a thread pitch of 1.25 mm. To avoid confusion, screw thread pitches are commonly given with a multiplication sign. For example, M8x1 means that the screw is 8 mm in diameter but has a thread pitch of 1 mm per 360-degree rotation. Those who are not familiar with these dimensions may find it confusing. The OD of the threaded portion of a bolt is generally smaller than the OD of the nut. If the shank is too deep for the nut to fit, the threads may bottom out. This is why it’s important to use a thread-cutting bit with a small thread diameter. You can use a micrometer or caliper to measure the thread diameter. This tool will also allow you to easily identify which screw size fits where and how well. The metric system is the most widely used. Fasteners with DIN numbers are generally metric in size. This makes them very useful for industrial settings. You can find metric-sized screws anywhere, as long as you buy them from a reputable manufacturer. These fasteners also come with a dog point, which is used for safety wire. If the screw needs to be replaced, the shank can be drilled with a hole for a safety wire or for a dog-point.
Round head
A round head screw is the most common type used for machine screws. Other common types include truss head, flat head, and hexed head. Each has a different profile and are used for different purposes. A round head screw is typically wider than a flat or a hexed head, and has a slightly rounded surface. These screws are useful for projects involving sheet metal or sheet-metal parts. Round heads are usually slightly wider than a hex head screw, and they may also be used as a substitute for washers in certain applications. However, truss heads are not necessary for every project. A wood screw has a smooth shank that protrudes above the surface of the material it is attaching. A metal screw has a threaded shaft that is fully threaded from head to point, and a fully threaded shaft provides more bite. Two common head styles are round head and pan head. If the task requires the screw to be flush or countersunk, the round head will be the best choice. Another type is the Reed & Prince screw drive. These are similar to Phillips screws but have a 75-degree V shape. They are commonly used in marine hardware and are also known as BNAE NFL22-070. This type is also used for steel plate hangers. In addition to round head and pan head screws, there are a variety of other screw types. You can even get a head with a slotted head if you know where to look. Screw diameters are specified according to the ISO 261 or ISO 262 standards. An M8 screw has a diameter of 8.25 mm. The M8 screw has a pitch of 1.25 mm, which is equivalent to 1 mm per 360 degrees. There are several other standard screw sizes and thread diameters available. You can find them all by consulting the relevant standards. But remember, the metric system is the most popular.
Self-locking mechanism
A self-locking mechanism for a screw shaft is a device that secures the screw to its supporting member in a failure position. The locking mechanism provides a positive connection between the screw shaft and the control surface during normal operation, and locks the screw to its supporting member when the screw fails. Previous attempts to solve this problem have typically used secondary nuts with free play on the screw, which were intentionally designed to jam when loaded. However, such a device can be unreliable, which is why the present invention offers a more robust and reliable locking mechanism. The self-locking function of a screw depends on several factors, including its pitch angle and the coefficient of friction of the threads. The angle of friction must be less than the tangent of the material pairing to prevent untightening of the screw. Screws with self-locking mechanisms have an efficiency e lower than 50%, which is less than half. Self-locking screws also have the benefit of being less efficient than a standard screw. Unlike a normal screw, a self-locking screw can be turned in either direction. The nut 22 rotates with the screw shaft, and the member 23 is translated in an axial direction. Regardless of the direction of the rotation of the screw, this axial translation will result in the opposite moment to that input moment. While screw self-locking mechanisms are typically less expensive, they are more reliable and durable. Another important feature of self-locking screws is that they are not susceptible to independent loosening. The screw cannot rotate without a certain amount of torque. In addition, a self-locking screw shaft must have a small wedge with a smaller half-angle than the arctangent of the static friction. This means that the torque applied by the driver must be greater than the torque needed to overcome the friction.
A.53*59 drilling rod adopted,high rigidity and strong delivery torque. the machine is equipped with national patent technology—taper clutch,with charactristics of strong transmission troque,easy operation and free maintenance. B.for the winch,we use large module planetary gear and add supporting frame,greatly increasing hoisting and braking ability of the winch. C.vertical spindle are fixed by 4 groups of bearings to ensure that the rotary machine is rigid enough for gravel layer and other complex geoloical conditions. D.we are the first 1 to equip mud pump with the flow 160L/min in china so that it will save cost and also make the machine compact,moblie and lightweight.
2.HW-230 Water Well Drilling Rig Applications
HW-230 drilling rig is mainly used for geological general investigation and exploration,road and tall buliding foundation exploration,kinds of hole in concrete structure,river levees,subgrade grouting hole drillling and driect grouting,civil wells and earth temperature entral air-conditioner,etc.
Main Technical Parameter
Drilling depth
30-230m
Max open hole caliber
3
HangZhou CZPT Mining Machinery Co., Ltd.
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Types of Splines
There are 4 types of splines: Involute, Parallel key, helical, and ball. Learn about their characteristics. And, if you’re not sure what they are, you can always request a quotation. These splines are commonly used for building special machinery, repair jobs, and other applications. The CZPT Manufacturing Company manufactures these shafts. It is a specialty manufacturer and we welcome your business.
Involute splines
The involute spline provides a more rigid and durable structure, and is available in a variety of diameters and spline counts. Generally, steel, carbon steel, or titanium are used as raw materials. Other materials, such as carbon fiber, may be suitable. However, titanium can be difficult to produce, so some manufacturers make splines using other constituents. When splines are used in shafts, they prevent parts from separating during operation. These features make them an ideal choice for securing mechanical assemblies. Splines with inward-curving grooves do not have sharp corners and are therefore less likely to break or separate while they are in operation. These properties help them to withstand high-speed operations, such as braking, accelerating, and reversing. A male spline is fitted with an externally-oriented face, and a female spline is inserted through the center. The teeth of the male spline typically have chamfered tips to provide clearance with the transition area. The radii and width of the teeth of a male spline are typically larger than those of a female spline. These specifications are specified in ANSI or DIN design manuals. The effective tooth thickness of a spline depends on the involute profile error and the lead error. Also, the spacing of the spline teeth and keyways can affect the effective tooth thickness. Involute splines in a splined shaft are designed so that at least 25 percent of the spline teeth engage during coupling, which results in a uniform distribution of load and wear on the spline.
Parallel key splines
A parallel splined shaft has a helix of equal-sized grooves around its circumference. These grooves are generally parallel or involute. Splines minimize stress concentrations in stationary joints and allow linear and rotary motion. Splines may be cut or cold-rolled. Cold-rolled splines have more strength than cut spines and are often used in applications that require high strength, accuracy, and a smooth surface. A parallel key splined shaft features grooves and keys that are parallel to the axis of the shaft. This design is best suited for applications where load bearing is a primary concern and a smooth motion is needed. A parallel key splined shaft can be made from alloy steels, which are iron-based alloys that may also contain chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, or other alloying materials. A splined shaft can be used to transmit torque and provide anti-rotation when operating as a linear guide. These shafts have square profiles that match up with grooves in a mating piece and transmit torque and rotation. They can also be easily changed in length, and are commonly used in aerospace. Its reliability and fatigue life make it an excellent choice for many applications. The main difference between a parallel key splined shaft and a keyed shaft is that the former offers more flexibility. They lack slots, which reduce torque-transmitting capacity. Splines offer equal load distribution along the gear teeth, which translates into a longer fatigue life for the shaft. In agricultural applications, shaft life is essential. Agricultural equipment, for example, requires the ability to function at high speeds for extended periods of time.
Involute helical splines
Involute splines are a common design for splined shafts. They are the most commonly used type of splined shaft and feature equal spacing among their teeth. The teeth of this design are also shorter than those of the parallel spline shaft, reducing stress concentration. These splines can be used to transmit power to floating or permanently fixed gears, and reduce stress concentrations in the stationary joint. Involute splines are the most common type of splined shaft, and are widely used for a variety of applications in automotive, machine tools, and more. Involute helical spline shafts are ideal for applications involving axial motion and rotation. They allow for face coupling engagement and disengagement. This design also allows for a larger diameter than a parallel spline shaft. The result is a highly efficient gearbox. Besides being durable, splines can also be used for other applications involving torque and energy transfer. A new statistical model can be used to determine the number of teeth that engage for a given load. These splines are characterized by a tight fit at the major diameters, thereby transferring concentricity from the shaft to the female spline. A male spline has chamfered tips for clearance with the transition area. ANSI and DIN design manuals specify the different classes of fit. The design of involute helical splines is similar to that of gears, and their ridges or teeth are matched with the corresponding grooves in a mating piece. It enables torque and rotation to be transferred to a mate piece while maintaining alignment of the 2 components. Different types of splines are used in different applications. Different splines can have different levels of tooth height.
Involute ball splines
When splines are used, they allow the shaft and hub to engage evenly over the shaft’s entire circumference. Because the teeth are evenly spaced, the load that they can transfer is uniform and their position is always the same regardless of shaft length. Whether the shaft is used to transmit torque or to transmit power, splines are a great choice. They provide maximum strength and allow for linear or rotary motion. There are 3 basic types of splines: helical, crown, and ball. Crown splines feature equally spaced grooves. Crown splines feature involute sides and parallel sides. Helical splines use involute teeth and are often used in small diameter shafts. Ball splines contain a ball bearing inside the splined shaft to facilitate rotary motion and minimize stress concentration in stationary joints. The 2 types of splines are classified under the ANSI classes of fit. Fillet root splines have teeth that mesh along the longitudinal axis of rotation. Flat root splines have similar teeth, but are intended to optimize strength for short-term use. Both types of splines are important for ensuring the shaft aligns properly and is not misaligned. The friction coefficient of the hub is a complex process. When the hub is off-center, the center moves in predictable but irregular motion. Moreover, when the shaft is centered, the center may oscillate between being centered and being off-center. To compensate for this, the torque must be adequate to keep the shaft in its axis during all rotation angles. While straight-sided splines provide similar centering, they have lower misalignment load factors.
Keyed shafts
Essentially, splined shafts have teeth or ridges that fit together to transfer torque. Because splines are not as tall as involute gears, they offer uniform torque transfer. Additionally, they provide the opportunity for torque and rotational changes and improve wear resistance. In addition to their durability, splined shafts are popular in the aerospace industry and provide increased reliability and fatigue life. Keyed shafts are available in different materials, lengths, and diameters. When used in high-power drive applications, they offer higher torque and rotational speeds. The higher torque they produce helps them deliver power to the gearbox. However, they are not as durable as splined shafts, which is why the latter is usually preferred in these applications. And while they’re more expensive, they’re equally effective when it comes to torque delivery. Parallel keyed shafts have separate profiles and ridges and are used in applications requiring accuracy and precision. Keyed shafts with rolled splines are 35% stronger than cut splines and are used where precision is essential. These splines also have a smooth finish, which can make them a good choice for precision applications. They also work well with gears and other mechanical systems that require accurate torque transfer. Carbon steel is another material used for splined shafts. Carbon steel is known for its malleability, and its shallow carbon content helps create reliable motion. However, if you’re looking for something more durable, consider ferrous steel. This type contains metals such as nickel, chromium, and molybdenum. And it’s important to remember that carbon steel is not the only material to consider.
Commercial Automatic Drilling Machine With Low Noise
1.Machine Introduction: Drilling rig is mainly used for geological general investigation and exploration,road and tall building foundation exploration, kinds of hole in concrete structure,river levees,sub-grade grouting hole drillinrect grouting, civil wells and earth temperature central air-conditioner,etc.
Features of Water Well Drilling Rig:
1.53*59 drilling rod adopted, high rigidity and strong delivery torque.
2.The machine is equipped with national patent technology-taper clutch,with characteristic of strong transmission torque,easy operation and free maintenance. 3.for the winch, we use large module planetary gear and add supporting frame, greatly increasing hoisting and braking ability of the winch.
4.Vertical spindle are fixed by 4 groups of bearings to ensure that the rotary machine is rigid enough for gravel layer and other complex geologic conditions. 5.We are the first 1 to equip mud pump with the flow 160L/min in China so that it will save cost and also make the machine compact, mobile and lightweight.
2.Machine Photos:
3.Technical Parameters:
Model
HT-200
Drilling depth
200m
Maximum open hole caliber
φ75-φ300mm
End hole caliber
75mm
Kelly bar
53/59*4200mm
Drill diameter
φ50,φ60mm
Drill angle
90°~75°
Engine (diesel engine)
15/2200kW/r/min
Weight/size
1150kg/2700*950*1770
Vertical shaft
Vertical speed
64,128,287,557r/min
Spindle stroke
450mm
Hoist
Single line lifting weight
24kN
Single line lifting speed
0.12,0.22,0.49,0.95m/s
Reel diameter
φ140mm
Wire rope diameter
Φ13mm
Wire rope capacity
35m
Rig
Rated load
5t
Rated load
6m
Tower legs specifications
89mm
Mud pump
Model
BW145
Maximum pressure
2Mpa
Capacity
140L/min
Reciprocation number of times
93 /min
Water inlet caliber
φ51mm*4.5m
Water to exit caliber
φ32mm*6m
4.Company Certificate:
5.Packing&Delivery:
6.Our Customer:
7.Contact Information: If you need further information, please contact us freely, we will do our best to cooperate with you.
Applications of Spline Couplings
A spline coupling is a highly effective means of connecting 2 or more components. These types of couplings are very efficient, as they combine linear motion with rotation, and their efficiency makes them a desirable choice in numerous applications. Read on to learn more about the main characteristics and applications of spline couplings. You will also be able to determine the predicted operation and wear. You can easily design your own couplings by following the steps outlined below.
Optimal design
The spline coupling plays an important role in transmitting torque. It consists of a hub and a shaft with splines that are in surface contact without relative motion. Because they are connected, their angular velocity is the same. The splines can be designed with any profile that minimizes friction. Because they are in contact with each other, the load is not evenly distributed, concentrating on a small area, which can deform the hub surface. Optimal spline coupling design takes into account several factors, including weight, material characteristics, and performance requirements. In the aeronautics industry, weight is an important design factor. S.A.E. and ANSI tables do not account for weight when calculating the performance requirements of spline couplings. Another critical factor is space. Spline couplings may need to fit in tight spaces, or they may be subject to other configuration constraints. Optimal design of spline couplers may be characterized by an odd number of teeth. However, this is not always the case. If the external spline’s outer diameter exceeds a certain threshold, the optimal spline coupling model may not be an optimal choice for this application. To optimize a spline coupling for a specific application, the user may need to consider the sizing method that is most appropriate for their application. Once a design is generated, the next step is to test the resulting spline coupling. The system must check for any design constraints and validate that it can be produced using modern manufacturing techniques. The resulting spline coupling model is then exported to an optimisation tool for further analysis. The method enables a designer to easily manipulate the design of a spline coupling and reduce its weight. The spline coupling model 20 includes the major structural features of a spline coupling. A product model software program 10 stores default values for each of the spline coupling’s specifications. The resulting spline model is then calculated in accordance with the algorithm used in the present invention. The software allows the designer to enter the spline coupling’s radii, thickness, and orientation.
Characteristics
An important aspect of aero-engine splines is the load distribution among the teeth. The researchers have performed experimental tests and have analyzed the effect of lubrication conditions on the coupling behavior. Then, they devised a theoretical model using a Ruiz parameter to simulate the actual working conditions of spline couplings. This model explains the wear damage caused by the spline couplings by considering the influence of friction, misalignment, and other conditions that are relevant to the splines’ performance. In order to design a spline coupling, the user first inputs the design criteria for sizing load carrying sections, including the external spline 40 of the spline coupling model 30. Then, the user specifies torque margin performance requirement specifications, such as the yield limit, plastic buckling, and creep buckling. The software program then automatically calculates the size and configuration of the load carrying sections and the shaft. These specifications are then entered into the model software program 10 as specification values. Various spline coupling configuration specifications are input on the GUI screen 80. The software program 10 then generates a spline coupling model by storing default values for the various specifications. The user then can manipulate the spline coupling model by modifying its various specifications. The final result will be a computer-aided design that enables designers to optimize spline couplings based on their performance and design specifications. The spline coupling model software program continually evaluates the validity of spline coupling models for a particular application. For example, if a user enters a data value signal corresponding to a parameter signal, the software compares the value of the signal entered to the corresponding value in the knowledge base. If the values are outside the specifications, a warning message is displayed. Once this comparison is completed, the spline coupling model software program outputs a report with the results. Various spline coupling design factors include weight, material properties, and performance requirements. Weight is 1 of the most important design factors, particularly in the aeronautics field. ANSI and S.A.E. tables do not consider these factors when calculating the load characteristics of spline couplings. Other design requirements may also restrict the configuration of a spline coupling.
Applications
Spline couplings are a type of mechanical joint that connects 2 rotating shafts. Its 2 parts engage teeth that transfer load. Although splines are commonly over-dimensioned, they are still prone to fatigue and static behavior. These properties also make them prone to wear and tear. Therefore, proper design and selection are vital to minimize wear and tear on splines. There are many applications of spline couplings. A key design is based on the size of the shaft being joined. This allows for the proper spacing of the keys. A novel method of hobbing allows for the formation of tapered bases without interference, and the root of the keys is concentric with the axis. These features enable for high production rates. Various applications of spline couplings can be found in various industries. To learn more, read on. FE based methodology can predict the wear rate of spline couplings by including the evolution of the coefficient of friction. This method can predict fretting wear from simple round-on-flat geometry, and has been calibrated with experimental data. The predicted wear rate is reasonable compared to the experimental data. Friction evolution in spline couplings depends on the spline geometry. It is also crucial to consider the lubrication condition of the splines. Using a spline coupling reduces backlash and ensures proper alignment of mated components. The shaft’s splined tooth form transfers rotation from the splined shaft to the internal splined member, which may be a gear or other rotary device. A spline coupling’s root strength and torque requirements determine the type of spline coupling that should be used. The spline root is usually flat and has a crown on 1 side. The crowned spline has a symmetrical crown at the centerline of the face-width of the spline. As the spline length decreases toward the ends, the teeth are becoming thinner. The tooth diameter is measured in pitch. This means that the male spline has a flat root and a crowned spline.
Predictability
Spindle couplings are used in rotating machinery to connect 2 shafts. They are composed of 2 parts with teeth that engage each other and transfer load. Spline couplings are commonly over-dimensioned and are prone to static and fatigue behavior. Wear phenomena are also a common problem with splines. To address these issues, it is essential to understand the behavior and predictability of these couplings. Dynamic behavior of spline-rotor couplings is often unclear, particularly if the system is not integrated with the rotor. For example, when a misalignment is not present, the main response frequency is 1 X-rotating speed. As the misalignment increases, the system starts to vibrate in complex ways. Furthermore, as the shaft orbits depart from the origin, the magnitudes of all the frequencies increase. Thus, research results are useful in determining proper design and troubleshooting of rotor systems. The model of misaligned spline couplings can be obtained by analyzing the stress-compression relationships between 2 spline pairs. The meshing force model of splines is a function of the system mass, transmitting torque, and dynamic vibration displacement. This model holds when the dynamic vibration displacement is small. Besides, the CZPT stepping integration method is stable and has high efficiency. The slip distributions are a function of the state of lubrication, coefficient of friction, and loading cycles. The predicted wear depths are well within the range of measured values. These predictions are based on the slip distributions. The methodology predicts increased wear under lightly lubricated conditions, but not under added lubrication. The lubrication condition and coefficient of friction are the key factors determining the wear behavior of splines.
Fast Speed Water Well Drilling Rig Machine For Sale
1.Machine Introduction: Drilling rig is mainly used for geological general investigation and exploration,road and tall building foundation exploration, kinds of hole in concrete structure,river levees,sub-grade grouting hole drillinrect grouting, civil wells and earth temperature central air-conditioner,etc.
Features of Water Well Drilling Rig:
1.53*59 drilling rod adopted, high rigidity and strong delivery torque.
2.The machine is equipped with national patent technology-taper clutch,with characteristic of strong transmission torque,easy operation and free maintenance. 3.for the winch, we use large module planetary gear and add supporting frame, greatly increasing hoisting and braking ability of the winch.
4.Vertical spindle are fixed by 4 groups of bearings to ensure that the rotary machine is rigid enough for gravel layer and other complex geologic conditions. 5.We are the first 1 to equip mud pump with the flow 160L/min in China so that it will save cost and also make the machine compact, mobile and lightweight.
2.Machine Photos:
3.Technical Parameters:
Model
HT-200
Drilling depth
200m
Maximum open hole caliber
φ75-φ300mm
End hole caliber
75mm
Kelly bar
53/59*4200mm
Drill diameter
φ50,φ60mm
Drill angle
90°~75°
Engine (diesel engine)
15/2200kW/r/min
Weight/size
1150kg/2700*950*1770
Vertical shaft
Vertical speed
64,128,287,557r/min
Spindle stroke
450mm
Hoist
Single line lifting weight
24kN
Single line lifting speed
0.12,0.22,0.49,0.95m/s
Reel diameter
φ140mm
Wire rope diameter
Φ13mm
Wire rope capacity
35m
Rig
Rated load
5t
Rated load
6m
Tower legs specifications
89mm
Mud pump
Model
BW145
Maximum pressure
2Mpa
Capacity
140L/min
Reciprocation number of times
93 /min
Water inlet caliber
φ51mm*4.5m
Water to exit caliber
φ32mm*6m
4.Company Certificate:
5.Packing&Delivery:
6.Our Customer:
7.Contact Information: If you need further information, please contact us freely, we will do our best to cooperate with you.
Analytical Approaches to Estimating Contact Pressures in Spline Couplings
A spline coupling is a type of mechanical connection between 2 rotating shafts. It consists of 2 parts – a coupler and a coupling. Both parts have teeth which engage and transfer loads. However, spline couplings are typically over-dimensioned, which makes them susceptible to fatigue and static behavior. Wear phenomena can also cause the coupling to fail. For this reason, proper spline coupling design is essential for achieving optimum performance.
Modeling a spline coupling
Spline couplings are becoming increasingly popular in the aerospace industry, but they operate in a slightly misaligned state, causing both vibrations and damage to the contact surfaces. To solve this problem, this article offers analytical approaches for estimating the contact pressures in a spline coupling. Specifically, this article compares analytical approaches with pure numerical approaches to demonstrate the benefits of an analytical approach. To model a spline coupling, first you create the knowledge base for the spline coupling. The knowledge base includes a large number of possible specification values, which are related to each other. If you modify 1 specification, it may lead to a warning for violating another. To make the design valid, you must create a spline coupling model that meets the specified specification values. After you have modeled the geometry, you must enter the contact pressures of the 2 spline couplings. Then, you need to determine the position of the pitch circle of the spline. In Figure 2, the centre of the male coupling is superposed to that of the female spline. Then, you need to make sure that the alignment meshing distance of the 2 splines is the same. Once you have the data you need to create a spline coupling model, you can begin by entering the specifications for the interface design. Once you have this data, you need to choose whether to optimize the internal spline or the external spline. You’ll also need to specify the tooth friction coefficient, which is used to determine the stresses in the spline coupling model 20. You should also enter the pilot clearance, which is the clearance between the tip 186 of a tooth 32 on 1 spline and the feature on the mating spline. After you have entered the desired specifications for the external spline, you can enter the parameters for the internal spline. For example, you can enter the outer diameter limit 154 of the major snap 54 and the minor snap 56 of the internal spline. The values of these parameters are displayed in color-coded boxes on the Spline Inputs and Configuration GUI screen 80. Once the parameters are entered, you’ll be presented with a geometric representation of the spline coupling model 20.
Creating a spline coupling model 20
The spline coupling model 20 is created by a product model software program 10. The software validates the spline coupling model against a knowledge base of configuration-dependent specification constraints and relationships. This report is then input to the ANSYS stress analyzer program. It lists the spline coupling model 20’s geometric configurations and specification values for each feature. The spline coupling model 20 is automatically recreated every time the configuration or performance specifications of the spline coupling model 20 are modified. The spline coupling model 20 can be configured using the product model software program 10. A user specifies the axial length of the spline stack, which may be zero, or a fixed length. The user also enters a radial mating face 148, if any, and selects a pilot clearance specification value of 14.5 degrees or 30 degrees. A user can then use the mouse 110 to modify the spline coupling model 20. The spline coupling knowledge base contains a large number of possible specification values and the spline coupling design rule. If the user tries to change a spline coupling model, the model will show a warning about a violation of another specification. In some cases, the modification may invalidate the design. In the spline coupling model 20, the user enters additional performance requirement specifications. The user chooses the locations where maximum torque is transferred for the internal and external splines 38 and 40. The maximum torque transfer location is determined by the attachment configuration of the hardware to the shafts. Once this is selected, the user can click “Next” to save the model. A preview of the spline coupling model 20 is displayed. The model 20 is a representation of a spline coupling. The spline specifications are entered in the order and arrangement as specified on the spline coupling model 20 GUI screen. Once the spline coupling specifications are entered, the product model software program 10 will incorporate them into the spline coupling model 20. This is the last step in spline coupling model creation.
Analysing a spline coupling model 20
An analysis of a spline coupling model consists of inputting its configuration and performance specifications. These specifications may be generated from another computer program. The product model software program 10 then uses its internal knowledge base of configuration dependent specification relationships and constraints to create a valid three-dimensional parametric model 20. This model contains information describing the number and types of spline teeth 32, snaps 34, and shoulder 36. When you are analysing a spline coupling, the software program 10 will include default values for various specifications. The spline coupling model 20 comprises an internal spline 38 and an external spline 40. Each of the splines includes its own set of parameters, such as its depth, width, length, and radii. The external spline 40 will also contain its own set of parameters, such as its orientation. Upon selecting these parameters, the software program will perform various analyses on the spline coupling model 20. The software program 10 calculates the nominal and maximal tooth bearing stresses and fatigue life of a spline coupling. It will also determine the difference in torsional windup between an internal and an external spline. The output file from the analysis will be a report file containing model configuration and specification data. The output file may also be used by other computer programs for further analysis. Once these parameters are set, the user enters the design criteria for the spline coupling model 20. In this step, the user specifies the locations of maximum torque transfer for both the external and internal spline 38. The maximum torque transfer location depends on the configuration of the hardware attached to the shafts. The user may enter up to 4 different performance requirement specifications for each spline. The results of the analysis show that there are 2 phases of spline coupling. The first phase shows a large increase in stress and vibration. The second phase shows a decline in both stress and vibration levels. The third stage shows a constant meshing force between 300N and 320N. This behavior continues for a longer period of time, until the final stage engages with the surface.
Misalignment of a spline coupling
A study aimed to investigate the position of the resultant contact force in a spline coupling engaging teeth under a steady torque and rotating misalignment. The study used numerical methods based on Finite Element Method (FEM) models. It produced numerical results for nominal conditions and parallel offset misalignment. The study considered 2 levels of misalignment – 0.02 mm and 0.08 mm – with different loading levels. The results showed that the misalignment between the splines and rotors causes a change in the meshing force of the spline-rotor coupling system. Its dynamics is governed by the meshing force of splines. The meshing force of a misaligned spline coupling is related to the rotor-spline coupling system parameters, the transmitting torque, and the dynamic vibration displacement. Despite the lack of precise measurements, the misalignment of splines is a common problem. This problem is compounded by the fact that splines usually feature backlash. This backlash is the result of the misaligned spline. The authors analyzed several splines, varying pitch diameters, and length/diameter ratios. A spline coupling is a two-dimensional mechanical system, which has positive backlash. The spline coupling is comprised of a hub and shaft, and has tip-to-root clearances that are larger than the backlash. A form-clearance is sufficient to prevent tip-to-root fillet contact. The torque on the splines is transmitted via friction. When a spline coupling is misaligned, a torque-biased thrust force is generated. In such a situation, the force can exceed the torque, causing the component to lose its alignment. The two-way transmission of torque and thrust is modeled analytically in the present study. The analytical approach provides solutions that can be integrated into the design process. So, the next time you are faced with a misaligned spline coupling problem, make sure to use an analytical approach! In this study, the spline coupling is analyzed under nominal conditions without a parallel offset misalignment. The stiffness values obtained are the percentage difference between the nominal pitch diameter and load application diameter. Moreover, the maximum percentage difference in the measured pitch diameter is 1.60% under a torque of 5000 N*m. The other parameter, the pitch angle, is taken into consideration in the calculation.
Production Description YG series hydraulic water well drilling rig is mainly used for water well, geological general investigation and exploration,kinds of hole in concrete structure,road and tall building foundation exploration,river levees,subgrade grouting hole drilling and direct grouting,civil wells and earth temperature central air conditioner,etc.
Feature
1.Engine:Feed by hydraulic cylinder,the drilling efficiency is higher and it can save labor. 2.Drill rod:53×59 drilling rod adopted,high rigidity and strong delivery torque. 3.Spindle:Vertical spindle are fixed by 4 groups of bearing to ensure that the rotary machine is rigid enough for gravel layer and other complex geoloical conditions. 4.Mud pump:Equip mud pump with flow 160L/min,save cost and also make the structure compact. 5.Concentrated handle, small footprint,light weight, strong decomposition, easy to move.
Technical Parameter
The whole machine parameters
Model
YG-130Y/130YY
YG-180Y/180YY
YG-200Y/200YY
Drill hole depth
130m
180m
200m
Maximum opening diameter
220mm
220mm
325mm
Final hole diameter
75mm
75mm
75mm
Drill pipe diameter
Φ42mm,50mm,60mm
Φ42mm,50mm,60mm
Φ42mm,50mm,60mm
Borehole inclination
90°- 75°
90°- 75°
90°- 75°
Power(diesel engine)
13.2/2200kw/r/min
13.2/2200kw/r/min
15/2200kw/r/min
Motor
22KW
36kw
42kw
Vertical shaft
Vertical spindle speed
142,285,570r/min
130,480,730,1045r/min
130,480,730,1045r/mi
Vertical stroke
450mm
450mm
450mm
Hoist
Single line lifting capacity
20KN
21KN
25KN
Single rope lifting speed
0.41-1.64m/s
0.35-2.23m/s
0.12-0.95m/s
Drum diameter
Φ140mm
Φ140mm
Φ140mm
Diameter of wire rope
Φ9.3mm
Φ9.3mm
Φ13mm
Wire rope capacity
27m
27m
35m
Mud pump
Model
BW160
BW160
BW250
Flow
160L/min
160L/min
250L/min
Maximum pressure
12Mpa
12Mpa
17Mpa
Reciprocating frequency
93times/min
93times/min
93times/min
Water inlet diameter
Φ51mm
Φ51mm
Φ75mm
Water to exit diameter
Φ32mm
Φ32mm
Φ50mm
Drilling Tower
Rated load
18Ton
18Ton
18Ton
Effective height
6.5m
7.5m
9m
Tower leg spec.
Φ73mm
Φ73mm
Φ73mm
Package
Water well drilling rig machine use Standard export wooden case or as your requirement.
Company Information ZheJiang CZPT Machinery Co., Ltd., located in Xihu (West Lake) Dis. District of HangZhou City, ZheJiang Province, is a large engineering machinery manufacturing enterprise which focuses on research and development, production and sales of drilling equipment in mining, tunnel, road and bridge construction. We can produce sets of construction system equipment such as drilling machine, road construction machine and demolition cutting machine, etc. Technical design, material purchasing, precise manufacturing and strict quality inspection are all processed according to top standard. “Quality First, Reputation First, Be Innovative, Be Excellent.” has always been our purpose. We warmly welcome your corporation from all fields and build great future for us all.
Our Certification
Purchase Assurance High quality raw material suppliers provide us stable and excellent performance machines; skilled and responsible engineers, technicians and workers keep our production line proceed well-organized; we’ll test running every machine before delivery, to make sure it works well in clients’ construction sites; all machines have one–year warranty and lifelong maintenance, our sales manager provide elaborate machine-related consulting service and technical assistance during pre and after-sales, to make sure clients are proficient in operating our machines.
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How to Calculate Stiffness, Centering Force, Wear and Fatigue Failure of Spline Couplings
There are various types of spline couplings. These couplings have several important properties. These properties are: Stiffness, Involute splines, Misalignment, Wear and fatigue failure. To understand how these characteristics relate to spline couplings, read this article. It will give you the necessary knowledge to determine which type of coupling best suits your needs. Keeping in mind that spline couplings are usually spherical in shape, they are made of steel.
Involute splines
An effective side interference condition minimizes gear misalignment. When 2 splines are coupled with no spline misalignment, the maximum tensile root stress shifts to the left by 5 mm. A linear lead variation, which results from multiple connections along the length of the spline contact, increases the effective clearance or interference by a given percentage. This type of misalignment is undesirable for coupling high-speed equipment. Involute splines are often used in gearboxes. These splines transmit high torque, and are better able to distribute load among multiple teeth throughout the coupling circumference. The involute profile and lead errors are related to the spacing between spline teeth and keyways. For coupling applications, industry practices use splines with 25 to 50-percent of spline teeth engaged. This load distribution is more uniform than that of conventional single-key couplings. To determine the optimal tooth engagement for an involved spline coupling, Xiangzhen Xue and colleagues used a computer model to simulate the stress applied to the splines. The results from this study showed that a “permissible” Ruiz parameter should be used in coupling. By predicting the amount of wear and tear on a crowned spline, the researchers could accurately predict how much damage the components will sustain during the coupling process. There are several ways to determine the optimal pressure angle for an involute spline. Involute splines are commonly measured using a pressure angle of 30 degrees. Similar to gears, involute splines are typically tested through a measurement over pins. This involves inserting specific-sized wires between gear teeth and measuring the distance between them. This method can tell whether the gear has a proper tooth profile. The spline system shown in Figure 1 illustrates a vibration model. This simulation allows the user to understand how involute splines are used in coupling. The vibration model shows 4 concentrated mass blocks that represent the prime mover, the internal spline, and the load. It is important to note that the meshing deformation function represents the forces acting on these 3 components.
Stiffness of coupling
The calculation of stiffness of a spline coupling involves the measurement of its tooth engagement. In the following, we analyze the stiffness of a spline coupling with various types of teeth using 2 different methods. Direct inversion and blockwise inversion both reduce CPU time for stiffness calculation. However, they require evaluation submatrices. Here, we discuss the differences between these 2 methods. The analytical model for spline couplings is derived in the second section. In the third section, the calculation process is explained in detail. We then validate this model against the FE method. Finally, we discuss the influence of stiffness nonlinearity on the rotor dynamics. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We present a simple yet effective method for estimating the lateral stiffness of spline couplings. The numerical calculation of the spline coupling is based on the semi-analytical spline load distribution model. This method involves refined contact grids and updating the compliance matrix at each iteration. Hence, it consumes significant computational time. Further, it is difficult to apply this method to the dynamic analysis of a rotor. This method has its own limitations and should be used only when the spline coupling is fully investigated. The meshing force is the force generated by a misaligned spline coupling. It is related to the spline thickness and the transmitting torque of the rotor. The meshing force is also related to the dynamic vibration displacement. The result obtained from the meshing force analysis is given in Figures 7, 8, and 9. The analysis presented in this paper aims to investigate the stiffness of spline couplings with a misaligned spline. Although the results of previous studies were accurate, some issues remained. For example, the misalignment of the spline may cause contact damages. The aim of this article is to investigate the problems associated with misaligned spline couplings and propose an analytical approach for estimating the contact pressure in a spline connection. We also compare our results to those obtained by pure numerical approaches.
Misalignment
To determine the centering force, the effective pressure angle must be known. Using the effective pressure angle, the centering force is calculated based on the maximum axial and radial loads and updated Dudley misalignment factors. The centering force is the maximum axial force that can be transmitted by friction. Several published misalignment factors are also included in the calculation. A new method is presented in this paper that considers the cam effect in the normal force. In this new method, the stiffness along the spline joint can be integrated to obtain a global stiffness that is applicable to torsional vibration analysis. The stiffness of bearings can also be calculated at given levels of misalignment, allowing for accurate estimation of bearing dimensions. It is advisable to check the stiffness of bearings at all times to ensure that they are properly sized and aligned. A misalignment in a spline coupling can result in wear or even failure. This is caused by an incorrectly aligned pitch profile. This problem is often overlooked, as the teeth are in contact throughout the involute profile. This causes the load to not be evenly distributed along the contact line. Consequently, it is important to consider the effect of misalignment on the contact force on the teeth of the spline coupling. The centre of the male spline in Figure 2 is superposed on the female spline. The alignment meshing distances are also identical. Hence, the meshing force curves will change according to the dynamic vibration displacement. It is necessary to know the parameters of a spline coupling before implementing it. In this paper, the model for misalignment is presented for spline couplings and the related parameters. Using a self-made spline coupling test rig, the effects of misalignment on a spline coupling are studied. In contrast to the typical spline coupling, misalignment in a spline coupling causes fretting wear at a specific position on the tooth surface. This is a leading cause of failure in these types of couplings.
Wear and fatigue failure
The failure of a spline coupling due to wear and fatigue is determined by the first occurrence of tooth wear and shaft misalignment. Standard design methods do not account for wear damage and assess the fatigue life with big approximations. Experimental investigations have been conducted to assess wear and fatigue damage in spline couplings. The tests were conducted on a dedicated test rig and special device connected to a standard fatigue machine. The working parameters such as torque, misalignment angle, and axial distance have been varied in order to measure fatigue damage. Over dimensioning has also been assessed. During fatigue and wear, mechanical sliding takes place between the external and internal splines and results in catastrophic failure. The lack of literature on the wear and fatigue of spline couplings in aero-engines may be due to the lack of data on the coupling’s application. Wear and fatigue failure in splines depends on a number of factors, including the material pair, geometry, and lubrication conditions. The analysis of spline couplings shows that over-dimensioning is common and leads to different damages in the system. Some of the major damages are wear, fretting, corrosion, and teeth fatigue. Noise problems have also been observed in industrial settings. However, it is difficult to evaluate the contact behavior of spline couplings, and numerical simulations are often hampered by the use of specific codes and the boundary element method. The failure of a spline gear coupling was caused by fatigue, and the fracture initiated at the bottom corner radius of the keyway. The keyway and splines had been overloaded beyond their yield strength, and significant yielding was observed in the spline gear teeth. A fracture ring of non-standard alloy steel exhibited a sharp corner radius, which was a significant stress raiser. Several components were studied to determine their life span. These components include the spline shaft, the sealing bolt, and the graphite ring. Each of these components has its own set of design parameters. However, there are similarities in the distributions of these components. Wear and fatigue failure of spline couplings can be attributed to a combination of the 3 factors. A failure mode is often defined as a non-linear distribution of stresses and strains.
High Quality Portable Water Well Drilling Rigs Machine
Product description: Hydraulic core drilling rig is mainly used for geological general investigation and exploration,kinds of hole in concrete structure,road and tall building foundation exploration,river levees,subgrade grouting hole drilling and direct grouting,civil wells and earth temperature central air conditioner,etc.
Features:
Engine:Feed by hydraulic cylinder,the drilling efficiency is higher and it can save labor.
Drill rod:53×59 drilling rod adopted,high rigidity and strong delivery torque.
Spindle:Vertical spindle are fixed by 4 groups of bearing to ensure that the rotary machine is rigid enough for gravel layer and other complex geoloical conditions.
Mud pump:Equip mud pump with flow 160L/min,save cost and also make the structure compact
Concentrated handle, small footprint,light weight, strong decomposition, easy to move.
Technical parameters:
The whole machine parameters
Model
YG130Y/130YY
YG180YG/180YYG
YG200Y/200YY
Drill hole depth
130m
180m
200m
Maximum opening diameter
Φ75-Φ220mm
Φ75-Φ220mm
Φ75-Φ325mm
Final hole diameter
Φ75mm
Φ75mm
Φ75mm
Take the initiative to drill pipe
53/59*4200mm
53/59*4200mm
53/59*4200mm
Drill pipe diameter
Φ42-60mm
Φ42-60mm
Φ42-60mm
Borehole inclination
90°- 75°
90°- 75°
90°- 75°
Power(diesel engine)
13.2/2200kw/r/min
13.2/2200kw/r/min
15/2200kw/r/min
Size
2.4*0.8*1.4m
2.4*0.8*1.3m
2.7*0.9*1.5
Vertical shaft
Vertical spindle speed
142,285,570r/min
130,480,730,1045r/min
64,28,287,557r/min
Vertical stroke
450mm
450mm
450mm
Hoist
Single rope lift
2000
2100
2500
Single rope winding speed
0.41-1.64m/s
0.35-2.23m/s
0.12-0.95m/s
Drum diameter
Φ140mm
Φ140mm
Φ140mm
Diameter of wire rope
Φ9.3mm
Φ9.3mm
Φ13mm
Wire rope capacity
27m
27m
35m
Rig
Rated load
18t
18t
18t
Effective height
6.5m
6.5m
6.5m
Tower leg specifications
Φ73mm
Φ73mm
Φ89mm
Mud pump
Model
BW95
BW95
BW145
Flow
95L/min
95L/min
145L/min
Maximum pressure
1.2Mpa
1.2Mpa
2Mpa
Reciprocating frequency
93times/min
93times/min
93times/min
Suction pipe diameter
Φ51mm*4.5m
Φ51mm*4.5m
Φ51mm*4.5m
Packing&Delivery:
Company Informations:
Applications of Spline Couplings
A spline coupling is a highly effective means of connecting 2 or more components. These types of couplings are very efficient, as they combine linear motion with rotation, and their efficiency makes them a desirable choice in numerous applications. Read on to learn more about the main characteristics and applications of spline couplings. You will also be able to determine the predicted operation and wear. You can easily design your own couplings by following the steps outlined below.
Optimal design
The spline coupling plays an important role in transmitting torque. It consists of a hub and a shaft with splines that are in surface contact without relative motion. Because they are connected, their angular velocity is the same. The splines can be designed with any profile that minimizes friction. Because they are in contact with each other, the load is not evenly distributed, concentrating on a small area, which can deform the hub surface. Optimal spline coupling design takes into account several factors, including weight, material characteristics, and performance requirements. In the aeronautics industry, weight is an important design factor. S.A.E. and ANSI tables do not account for weight when calculating the performance requirements of spline couplings. Another critical factor is space. Spline couplings may need to fit in tight spaces, or they may be subject to other configuration constraints. Optimal design of spline couplers may be characterized by an odd number of teeth. However, this is not always the case. If the external spline’s outer diameter exceeds a certain threshold, the optimal spline coupling model may not be an optimal choice for this application. To optimize a spline coupling for a specific application, the user may need to consider the sizing method that is most appropriate for their application. Once a design is generated, the next step is to test the resulting spline coupling. The system must check for any design constraints and validate that it can be produced using modern manufacturing techniques. The resulting spline coupling model is then exported to an optimisation tool for further analysis. The method enables a designer to easily manipulate the design of a spline coupling and reduce its weight. The spline coupling model 20 includes the major structural features of a spline coupling. A product model software program 10 stores default values for each of the spline coupling’s specifications. The resulting spline model is then calculated in accordance with the algorithm used in the present invention. The software allows the designer to enter the spline coupling’s radii, thickness, and orientation.
Characteristics
An important aspect of aero-engine splines is the load distribution among the teeth. The researchers have performed experimental tests and have analyzed the effect of lubrication conditions on the coupling behavior. Then, they devised a theoretical model using a Ruiz parameter to simulate the actual working conditions of spline couplings. This model explains the wear damage caused by the spline couplings by considering the influence of friction, misalignment, and other conditions that are relevant to the splines’ performance. In order to design a spline coupling, the user first inputs the design criteria for sizing load carrying sections, including the external spline 40 of the spline coupling model 30. Then, the user specifies torque margin performance requirement specifications, such as the yield limit, plastic buckling, and creep buckling. The software program then automatically calculates the size and configuration of the load carrying sections and the shaft. These specifications are then entered into the model software program 10 as specification values. Various spline coupling configuration specifications are input on the GUI screen 80. The software program 10 then generates a spline coupling model by storing default values for the various specifications. The user then can manipulate the spline coupling model by modifying its various specifications. The final result will be a computer-aided design that enables designers to optimize spline couplings based on their performance and design specifications. The spline coupling model software program continually evaluates the validity of spline coupling models for a particular application. For example, if a user enters a data value signal corresponding to a parameter signal, the software compares the value of the signal entered to the corresponding value in the knowledge base. If the values are outside the specifications, a warning message is displayed. Once this comparison is completed, the spline coupling model software program outputs a report with the results. Various spline coupling design factors include weight, material properties, and performance requirements. Weight is 1 of the most important design factors, particularly in the aeronautics field. ANSI and S.A.E. tables do not consider these factors when calculating the load characteristics of spline couplings. Other design requirements may also restrict the configuration of a spline coupling.
Applications
Spline couplings are a type of mechanical joint that connects 2 rotating shafts. Its 2 parts engage teeth that transfer load. Although splines are commonly over-dimensioned, they are still prone to fatigue and static behavior. These properties also make them prone to wear and tear. Therefore, proper design and selection are vital to minimize wear and tear on splines. There are many applications of spline couplings. A key design is based on the size of the shaft being joined. This allows for the proper spacing of the keys. A novel method of hobbing allows for the formation of tapered bases without interference, and the root of the keys is concentric with the axis. These features enable for high production rates. Various applications of spline couplings can be found in various industries. To learn more, read on. FE based methodology can predict the wear rate of spline couplings by including the evolution of the coefficient of friction. This method can predict fretting wear from simple round-on-flat geometry, and has been calibrated with experimental data. The predicted wear rate is reasonable compared to the experimental data. Friction evolution in spline couplings depends on the spline geometry. It is also crucial to consider the lubrication condition of the splines. Using a spline coupling reduces backlash and ensures proper alignment of mated components. The shaft’s splined tooth form transfers rotation from the splined shaft to the internal splined member, which may be a gear or other rotary device. A spline coupling’s root strength and torque requirements determine the type of spline coupling that should be used. The spline root is usually flat and has a crown on 1 side. The crowned spline has a symmetrical crown at the centerline of the face-width of the spline. As the spline length decreases toward the ends, the teeth are becoming thinner. The tooth diameter is measured in pitch. This means that the male spline has a flat root and a crowned spline.
Predictability
Spindle couplings are used in rotating machinery to connect 2 shafts. They are composed of 2 parts with teeth that engage each other and transfer load. Spline couplings are commonly over-dimensioned and are prone to static and fatigue behavior. Wear phenomena are also a common problem with splines. To address these issues, it is essential to understand the behavior and predictability of these couplings. Dynamic behavior of spline-rotor couplings is often unclear, particularly if the system is not integrated with the rotor. For example, when a misalignment is not present, the main response frequency is 1 X-rotating speed. As the misalignment increases, the system starts to vibrate in complex ways. Furthermore, as the shaft orbits depart from the origin, the magnitudes of all the frequencies increase. Thus, research results are useful in determining proper design and troubleshooting of rotor systems. The model of misaligned spline couplings can be obtained by analyzing the stress-compression relationships between 2 spline pairs. The meshing force model of splines is a function of the system mass, transmitting torque, and dynamic vibration displacement. This model holds when the dynamic vibration displacement is small. Besides, the CZPT stepping integration method is stable and has high efficiency. The slip distributions are a function of the state of lubrication, coefficient of friction, and loading cycles. The predicted wear depths are well within the range of measured values. These predictions are based on the slip distributions. The methodology predicts increased wear under lightly lubricated conditions, but not under added lubrication. The lubrication condition and coefficient of friction are the key factors determining the wear behavior of splines.
Rotary Core Drilling Rig Machine High Efficiency Drilling Rig
Product Information of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
XY-600F hydraulic drilling rig adopts the latest technology for CZPT drilling. It is widely used to drill water well, geothermal hole, mining blasting, geological exploration, water conservancy, etc.
Parameters of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
XY-600F Drilling Rig
1. Main Parameters
Max. Drilling Depth
600m
Diameter of drill pipe
Φ42,Φ50,Φ60,Φ76
Angle of vertical spindle
90°~65°
Drilling capability
Φ75mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 600m
Φ108mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 500m
Φ127mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 400m
Φ159mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 300m
Φ219mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 210m
Φ273mm(10-4/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 150m
Φ500mm(19-3/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 80m
2. Vertical Spindle
Rotation speed
Forward 10 grades
30-1050r/min
Reverse 2 grades
29-137r/min
Spindle stroke
560mm
Spindle bore
96mm
Hoisting capability
6000kg
Max. Torque
3800N.m
3. Main hoist
Lifting speed of single wire
0.5-1.9m/s
Diameter of wire rope
12.5mm
Carry capacity of single wire
4000kg
Diameter of winding drum
300mm
Volume of winding drum
50m
Lifting capability of single wire
3000kg
4.Auxiliary Hoist
Winding drum
140mm
Diameter of steel wire rope
6mm
Volume of winding drum
450m
5. Mud pump(as per your choice)
Horizontal triplex mud pump
BW-200II
Displacement
200L/min
Working pressure
50kg/cm² @ 5MPa
Diameter of water inlet hose
65mm
Diameter of water outlet hose
38mm
6.Power supply(choose 1 between the following two)
Diesel engine
Model 4100,38KW(50PS)
Electrical motor
Y180M-4B35,22kw
7. Weight and Dimension of main drilling rig
Weight
2880kg
Dimension
3700×1850×3200mm
8.Six-wheel Trailer
Walking speed
25Km/hr
Frame carrying capacity
4 tons
Steering wheel 600-14
0.75 tons
Bearing wheel 650-15
0.9 tons
Minimum turning angle
6.8m
9. Oil Pump
CBN-F32
Working pressure
20Mpa
Displacement
32L/min
Characteristics of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
(1) XY-600F adopts the newest automobile transmission assembly, with 10 grades forward rotation speed and 2 grades reverse rotation speed, reasonable design, wide speed adjustable range, can meet various stratum drilling requirements.
(2) Can meet the demand for various high efficiency drilling process needs, such as diamond wire line coring, impact drilling, reverse circulation continuous coring (sampling) etc.
(3) Strong power, strong torque, strong bearing capacity, convenient to solve different downhole accidents. Compact mechanical transmission structure, light weight, large diameter of spindle bore, hydraulic stabilizer legs, good rigidity .
(4) Using hexagonal kelly bar to ensure the stable transmission of torque. Can not only meet the small-diameter CZPT deep hole drilling, but also can satisfy the large-diameter carbide drilling and different engineering drilling works.
(5) Advanced hydraulic system design makes the control handles concentrated, compact layout reasonable, easy operation, flexible and reliable; Can realize remote speed change, more humanization operation.
(6) The hydraulic system can adjust the feed pressure and feed speed during controlling the feed process, in order to meet different stratum drilling needs. At the same time it is equipped with the bottom hole pressure indicator, easy to master the situation inside the hole.
(7) The vertical spindle is equipped with hydraulic chuck,using the connecting rod type spring to clamp, hydraulic chuck to loosen, carbide welding type slips, strong clamping force,long service life and reliable operation.
(8) Advanced transfer case design, can implement easily independent operation of vertical shaft and winch.
Working of Drilling Rig Machine
DEFY Service
1.Professional technical support pre-sale, sale and after-sale . 2.Your problems can get feedback in 8 hours and be solved in 24 hours. 3.Machine can be customized as per your requirement. 4.One year quality warranty. 5.Training: operation manual and DVD operation video, overseas installation is also available. 6.Spare parts are available in our factory at cost price for former customers.
Other models for your choice:
Model
Drilling Caliber
Max. depth
Feature
XY100
75~300mm
100m
Disassemble drill tower;
Small in size.
XY-130
75~300mm
130m
XY-150
75~400mm
150m
XY-180
75~400mm
180m
XY-200
75~400mm
200m
XY-200F
75~400mm
200m
Integrative drill tower;
Easy to transport.
XY-200C
75~400mm
200m
XY-600F
75~500mm
600m
FAQ
Q1: Are you trading company or manufacturer? A1: We are original equipment manufacturer.we design,produce and sell.We master the core technology, and constantly adjust our products according to the market trend and customer feedback, ensure product quality.
Q2: How long is your delivery time? A2: It is according to the model and quantity. Generally it is 3-5 days if the machines are in stock. It will be 15-30 days if you want to customize the machines.
Q3: What do I need to do after payment? A3: a) If under FOB trading terms,you need to employ a ship forwarder to ship the goods to you; b) Under CIF trading terms,we send the goods to the destination port,and contact you to pick up the goods; All documents for customs clearance will be sent to you by international express after shipment.
How to choose a suitable drilling rig?
1. What will you do using drilling rig? —For water project, core sample, soil test, mineral prospect or others?
2. The depth you need? —For water well, generally, 30-200m. For core sample, 30-600m, even more.
3. Any requirements to hole diameter?
—Within a certain range, the smaller diameter, the deeper depth. Mathematically, we call it inversely proportional.
4. Working land condition? A. soil, sand, weathered land, etc. soft stratum. B. soil, sand, soft and hard rock stratum, mixed one. C. Mainly hard rock, like granite.
Based on the above information, Our experienced engineers will help you recommend suitable machine and price. If you have special demands, please tell us ahead.
About Us
HangZhou CZPT Mechanical & Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd. locates in High-tech zone of HangZhou city, China.
Our factory dedicates in manufacturing drilling rig since 1970s, more than 40 years’ experience of production and development makes our product quality rank in the leading position at home and abroad.
We are always seeking for ever greater perfection, keeping improving the production technology, offering better user experience.
Types of Splines
There are 4 types of splines: Involute, Parallel key, helical, and ball. Learn about their characteristics. And, if you’re not sure what they are, you can always request a quotation. These splines are commonly used for building special machinery, repair jobs, and other applications. The CZPT Manufacturing Company manufactures these shafts. It is a specialty manufacturer and we welcome your business.
Involute splines
The involute spline provides a more rigid and durable structure, and is available in a variety of diameters and spline counts. Generally, steel, carbon steel, or titanium are used as raw materials. Other materials, such as carbon fiber, may be suitable. However, titanium can be difficult to produce, so some manufacturers make splines using other constituents. When splines are used in shafts, they prevent parts from separating during operation. These features make them an ideal choice for securing mechanical assemblies. Splines with inward-curving grooves do not have sharp corners and are therefore less likely to break or separate while they are in operation. These properties help them to withstand high-speed operations, such as braking, accelerating, and reversing. A male spline is fitted with an externally-oriented face, and a female spline is inserted through the center. The teeth of the male spline typically have chamfered tips to provide clearance with the transition area. The radii and width of the teeth of a male spline are typically larger than those of a female spline. These specifications are specified in ANSI or DIN design manuals. The effective tooth thickness of a spline depends on the involute profile error and the lead error. Also, the spacing of the spline teeth and keyways can affect the effective tooth thickness. Involute splines in a splined shaft are designed so that at least 25 percent of the spline teeth engage during coupling, which results in a uniform distribution of load and wear on the spline.
Parallel key splines
A parallel splined shaft has a helix of equal-sized grooves around its circumference. These grooves are generally parallel or involute. Splines minimize stress concentrations in stationary joints and allow linear and rotary motion. Splines may be cut or cold-rolled. Cold-rolled splines have more strength than cut spines and are often used in applications that require high strength, accuracy, and a smooth surface. A parallel key splined shaft features grooves and keys that are parallel to the axis of the shaft. This design is best suited for applications where load bearing is a primary concern and a smooth motion is needed. A parallel key splined shaft can be made from alloy steels, which are iron-based alloys that may also contain chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, or other alloying materials. A splined shaft can be used to transmit torque and provide anti-rotation when operating as a linear guide. These shafts have square profiles that match up with grooves in a mating piece and transmit torque and rotation. They can also be easily changed in length, and are commonly used in aerospace. Its reliability and fatigue life make it an excellent choice for many applications. The main difference between a parallel key splined shaft and a keyed shaft is that the former offers more flexibility. They lack slots, which reduce torque-transmitting capacity. Splines offer equal load distribution along the gear teeth, which translates into a longer fatigue life for the shaft. In agricultural applications, shaft life is essential. Agricultural equipment, for example, requires the ability to function at high speeds for extended periods of time.
Involute helical splines
Involute splines are a common design for splined shafts. They are the most commonly used type of splined shaft and feature equal spacing among their teeth. The teeth of this design are also shorter than those of the parallel spline shaft, reducing stress concentration. These splines can be used to transmit power to floating or permanently fixed gears, and reduce stress concentrations in the stationary joint. Involute splines are the most common type of splined shaft, and are widely used for a variety of applications in automotive, machine tools, and more. Involute helical spline shafts are ideal for applications involving axial motion and rotation. They allow for face coupling engagement and disengagement. This design also allows for a larger diameter than a parallel spline shaft. The result is a highly efficient gearbox. Besides being durable, splines can also be used for other applications involving torque and energy transfer. A new statistical model can be used to determine the number of teeth that engage for a given load. These splines are characterized by a tight fit at the major diameters, thereby transferring concentricity from the shaft to the female spline. A male spline has chamfered tips for clearance with the transition area. ANSI and DIN design manuals specify the different classes of fit. The design of involute helical splines is similar to that of gears, and their ridges or teeth are matched with the corresponding grooves in a mating piece. It enables torque and rotation to be transferred to a mate piece while maintaining alignment of the 2 components. Different types of splines are used in different applications. Different splines can have different levels of tooth height.
Involute ball splines
When splines are used, they allow the shaft and hub to engage evenly over the shaft’s entire circumference. Because the teeth are evenly spaced, the load that they can transfer is uniform and their position is always the same regardless of shaft length. Whether the shaft is used to transmit torque or to transmit power, splines are a great choice. They provide maximum strength and allow for linear or rotary motion. There are 3 basic types of splines: helical, crown, and ball. Crown splines feature equally spaced grooves. Crown splines feature involute sides and parallel sides. Helical splines use involute teeth and are often used in small diameter shafts. Ball splines contain a ball bearing inside the splined shaft to facilitate rotary motion and minimize stress concentration in stationary joints. The 2 types of splines are classified under the ANSI classes of fit. Fillet root splines have teeth that mesh along the longitudinal axis of rotation. Flat root splines have similar teeth, but are intended to optimize strength for short-term use. Both types of splines are important for ensuring the shaft aligns properly and is not misaligned. The friction coefficient of the hub is a complex process. When the hub is off-center, the center moves in predictable but irregular motion. Moreover, when the shaft is centered, the center may oscillate between being centered and being off-center. To compensate for this, the torque must be adequate to keep the shaft in its axis during all rotation angles. While straight-sided splines provide similar centering, they have lower misalignment load factors.
Keyed shafts
Essentially, splined shafts have teeth or ridges that fit together to transfer torque. Because splines are not as tall as involute gears, they offer uniform torque transfer. Additionally, they provide the opportunity for torque and rotational changes and improve wear resistance. In addition to their durability, splined shafts are popular in the aerospace industry and provide increased reliability and fatigue life. Keyed shafts are available in different materials, lengths, and diameters. When used in high-power drive applications, they offer higher torque and rotational speeds. The higher torque they produce helps them deliver power to the gearbox. However, they are not as durable as splined shafts, which is why the latter is usually preferred in these applications. And while they’re more expensive, they’re equally effective when it comes to torque delivery. Parallel keyed shafts have separate profiles and ridges and are used in applications requiring accuracy and precision. Keyed shafts with rolled splines are 35% stronger than cut splines and are used where precision is essential. These splines also have a smooth finish, which can make them a good choice for precision applications. They also work well with gears and other mechanical systems that require accurate torque transfer. Carbon steel is another material used for splined shafts. Carbon steel is known for its malleability, and its shallow carbon content helps create reliable motion. However, if you’re looking for something more durable, consider ferrous steel. This type contains metals such as nickel, chromium, and molybdenum. And it’s important to remember that carbon steel is not the only material to consider.
Drilling rig Power(choose 1 between the following two)
Diesel engine
kw/hp
38/50
Electric motor
KW
22kw
Trailer
Loading Capacity
T
4
Walking Speed
km/h
25
Mini turning radius
m
6.8
Weight&Size
Weight
kg
3000
Dimension
mm
3700×1850×3200
Pictures
Service 1. We have service team to supply professional guidance for installation. 2. Our quality inspection department will check each of machine before leaving the factory. 3. We offer one-year quality warranty for main body of machine. 4. All of machines we sold hold the ISO, QC, TUV certificates and so on
Certificate
FAQ Q: Are you original manufacturer? A: Yes, we CZPT is a official leading manufacture in drilling machinery in China and we have the whole series products you need. Q: Which payment terms are available to us? A: T/T term or L/C term. On T/T term, 30% down payment is required in advance, and 70% balance shall be settled before shipment.On L/C term, a 100% irrevocable L/C without “soft clauses” can be accepted. Q: Which Incoterms 2571 terms can we work? A: We CZPT are a professional and international company, accept all Incoterms 2571 terms, normally we work on FOB, CIF, CFR,CIP. Q: How long will the delivery time take? A: Normally mud pump products will take about 3-15 days to produce the ordered machines. Most of the time, we can have an immediate delivery of our regular machines in 15 days. Q: How about after sales service? A: 365×24 Year-round Service We are committed to year-round 24-hour service even during holidays, in line with our policy of always providing “a response within 15 minutes and job completion within 24 hours.” Q:Spare Parts When You Need Them A:We have spare parts centers across continents that stock specialist spare parts. We promise that spare parts will be delivered within 72 hours or no more than 1 week.
Axle Spindle Types and Features
The axle spindle is an integral part of your vehicle’s suspension. There are several different types and features, including mounting methods, bearings, and functions. Read on for some basic information on axle spindles. The next part of the article will cover how to choose the correct axle spindle for your vehicle. This article will also discuss the different types of spindles available, including the differences between the rear and front bearings.
Features
The improved axle spindle nut assembly is capable of providing additional performance benefits, including increased tire life and reduced seal failure. Its keyway features and radially inwardly extending teeth allow nut adjustment to be accomplished with precision. The invention further provides a unique, multi-piece locking mechanism that minimizes leakage and torque transfer. Its principles and features are detailed in the appended claims. For example, the improved axle spindle nut assembly is designed for use in vehicles that are equipped with a steering system. The axle spindle nut assembly includes a nut 252 with threads 256 on its inner periphery. The axle spindle 50 also features threads 198 on its outer periphery. The nut is threaded onto the outboard end of the axle spindle 50 until it contacts the inboard surface of the axle spacer 26. In the assembled state, a bearing spacer 58 is also present on the axle spindle. The axle spindle nut assembly can reduce axial end play between the wheel end assembly 52 and the axle spindle 50. It can be tightened to an extreme torque level, but if the thread faces separate, it will undercompress the bearing cone and spacer group. To minimize these disadvantages, the axle spindle nut assembly is a critical component of a wheel-end assembly. There are several types of axle spindle nuts. The third embodiment of the axle spindle nut assembly 300 comprises an inner washer 202, an outer washer 310, and at least 1 screw 320. The axle spindle nut assembly 300 secures and preloads bearing cones 55, 57. Unlike the first embodiment, the axle spindle nut assembly 300 uses the inner washer 202, which is optional in the third embodiment. The inner washer 202 and outer washer 310 are similar to those of the first embodiment.
Functions
An axle spindle is 1 of the most important components of a vehicle’s suspension system. The spindle retains the position of bearings and a spacer in an axle by providing clamp force. The inner nut of an axle spindle should be properly torqued to ensure a secure fit. A spindle nut is also responsible for compressing bearings and spacers. If any of these components are missing, the spindle will not work properly. An axle spindle is used in rear wheel drive cars. It carries the weight of the vehicle on the axle casing and transfers the torque from the differential to the wheels. The axle spindle and hub are secured on the spindle by large nuts. The axle spindle is a vital component of rear wheel drive vehicles. Hence, it is essential to understand the functions of axle spindle. These components are responsible for the smooth operation of a vehicle’s suspension system. Axle spindles can be mounted in 3 ways: in the typical axle assembly, the spindles are bolted onto the ends of the tubular axle, and the axle is suspended by springs. Short stub-axle mounting uses a torsion beam that flexes to provide a smooth ride. A second washer is used to prevent excessive rotation of the axle spindle. Apart from being a crucial component of the suspension system, the spindles of the wheels are responsible for guiding the vehicle in a straight line. They are connected to the steering axis and are used in different types of suspension systems. European cars use a MacPherson Strut suspension system in which the spindle is connected to the arms in the front and rear of the suspension frame. The MacPherson strut allows the shock absorber housing to turn the wheel.
Methods of mounting
Various methods of mounting axle spindle are available. In general, these methods involve forming a tubular blank of uniform cross section and thickness, and receiving the bearing assembly against it. The spindle is then secured using a collar, which also serves as a bearing stop. In some cases, additional features are used to provide greater security. Some of these features may not be suitable for all applications. But they are generally suitable. Axle spindle forming is usually done by progressive steps using hollow punches. The metallic body of the punch has an inner work surface, which receives the axle blank. A mandrel is fixed within the work opening of the punch. The punch body’s work surface forges the spindle about the mandrel. The punch has 2 ends, a closed and an open one. A wheeled vehicle axle assembly (10) includes a cylindrical housing member (12 a) and a plurality of spindle mounting flanges (30) secured on the housing member. The spindles (16) are firmly attached to the housing member by means of coupling members. The coupling members are configured to distribute the bending loads imposed on the spindle by the axle. It is important to note that the coupling members can be either threaded or screwed. Traditionally, axle spindles were made from tubular blanks of irregular thickness. This method allowed for a gradual reduction in diameter and eliminated the need for extra metal within the spindle. Similarly, axles made by cold forming eliminate the need for additional metal in the spindle. In this way, the overall cost of manufacture is also reduced. The material used for manufacturing axles also determines the size and shape of the final product.
Bearings
A nut 16 is used to retain the wheel bearings on axle spindle 12. The nut comprises several parts. The first portion includes a plurality of threads and a deformable second portion. The nut may be disposed on the inboard or outboard end of the axle spindle. This type of nut is typically secured to the axle spindle by a retaining nut. The bearings are installed in the spindle to allow the wheel hub to rotate. While bearings are greased, they can dry out over time. Consequently, you may hear a loud clicking sound when turning your vehicle. Alternatively, you may notice grease on the edges of your tires. Bearing failure can cause severe damage to your axle spindle. If you notice any of these symptoms, you may need to replace the bearings on your axle spindle. Fortunately, you can purchase the necessary bearing parts at O’Reilly Auto Parts. There are 3 ways to mount an axle spindle. A typical axle assembly has the spindles bolted to the ends of the tubular axle. A torsion beam is also used to mount the spindles on the axle. This torsion beam acts like a spring to help make the ride smooth and bump-free. Lastly, the axle spindle is sometimes mounted as a bolt-on component.
Cost
If your axle spindle has been damaged, you may need to have it replaced. This part of the axle is relatively easy to replace, but you need to know how to do it correctly. To replace your axle spindle, you must first remove the damaged one. To do this, a technician will cut the weld. They will then thread the new 1 into the axle tube and torque it to specification. After that, they will weld the new axle spindle into place. When you are thinking about the cost of an axle spindle replacement, you must first determine if it is worth it for your vehicle. It is generally a good idea to replace the spindle only if it is causing damage to your vehicle. You can also replace your axle housing if it is deteriorating. If you do not replace the spindle, you can risk damaging the axle housing. To save money, you can consider using a repair kit. You can also purchase an axle nut socket set. Most wrenches have an adjusting socket for this purpose. The socket set should be suitable for most vehicle types. Axle spindle replacement costs around $500 to $600 before tax. However, you should be aware that these costs vary widely based on the type of vehicle you have. The parts can cost between $430 and $480, and the labor can cost anywhere from $50 to 70.
Hydraulic Mountain Drilling Machine Borehole Drill Rig Made in China
Product Information of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
XY-600F hydraulic drilling rig adopts the latest technology for CZPT drilling. It is widely used to drill water well, geothermal hole, mining blasting, geological exploration, water conservancy, etc.
Parameters of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
XY-600F Drilling Rig
1. Main Parameters
Max. Drilling Depth
600m
Diameter of drill pipe
Φ42,Φ50,Φ60,Φ76
Angle of vertical spindle
90°~65°
Drilling capability
Φ75mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 600m
Φ108mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 500m
Φ127mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 400m
Φ159mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 300m
Φ219mm drill diameter
Max. Depth 210m
Φ273mm(10-4/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 150m
Φ500mm(19-3/5in) drill diameter
Max. Depth 80m
2. Vertical Spindle
Rotation speed
Forward 10 grades
30-1050r/min
Reverse 2 grades
29-137r/min
Spindle stroke
560mm
Spindle bore
96mm
Hoisting capability
6000kg
Max. Torque
3800N.m
3. Main hoist
Lifting speed of single wire
0.5-1.9m/s
Diameter of wire rope
12.5mm
Carry capacity of single wire
4000kg
Diameter of winding drum
300mm
Volume of winding drum
50m
Lifting capability of single wire
3000kg
4.Auxiliary Hoist
Winding drum
140mm
Diameter of steel wire rope
6mm
Volume of winding drum
450m
5. Mud pump(as per your choice)
Horizontal triplex mud pump
BW-200II
Displacement
200L/min
Working pressure
50kg/cm² @ 5MPa
Diameter of water inlet hose
65mm
Diameter of water outlet hose
38mm
6.Power supply(choose 1 between the following two)
Diesel engine
Model 4100,38KW(50PS)
Electrical motor
Y180M-4B35,22kw
7. Weight and Dimension of main drilling rig
Weight
2880kg
Dimension
3700×1850×3200mm
8.Six-wheel Trailer
Walking speed
25Km/hr
Frame carrying capacity
4 tons
Steering wheel 600-14
0.75 tons
Bearing wheel 650-15
0.9 tons
Minimum turning angle
6.8m
9. Oil Pump
CBN-F32
Working pressure
20Mpa
Displacement
32L/min
Characteristics of XY-600F Drilling Rig Machine
(1) XY-600F adopts the newest automobile transmission assembly, with 10 grades forward rotation speed and 2 grades reverse rotation speed, reasonable design, wide speed adjustable range, can meet various stratum drilling requirements.
(2) Can meet the demand for various high efficiency drilling process needs, such as diamond wire line coring, impact drilling, reverse circulation continuous coring (sampling) etc.
(3) Strong power, strong torque, strong bearing capacity, convenient to solve different downhole accidents. Compact mechanical transmission structure, light weight, large diameter of spindle bore, hydraulic stabilizer legs, good rigidity .
(4) Using hexagonal kelly bar to ensure the stable transmission of torque. Can not only meet the small-diameter CZPT deep hole drilling, but also can satisfy the large-diameter carbide drilling and different engineering drilling works.
(5) Advanced hydraulic system design makes the control handles concentrated, compact layout reasonable, easy operation, flexible and reliable; Can realize remote speed change, more humanization operation.
(6) The hydraulic system can adjust the feed pressure and feed speed during controlling the feed process, in order to meet different stratum drilling needs. At the same time it is equipped with the bottom hole pressure indicator, easy to master the situation inside the hole.
(7) The vertical spindle is equipped with hydraulic chuck,using the connecting rod type spring to clamp, hydraulic chuck to loosen, carbide welding type slips, strong clamping force,long service life and reliable operation.
(8) Advanced transfer case design, can implement easily independent operation of vertical shaft and winch.
Working of Drilling Rig Machine
DEFY Service
1.Professional technical support pre-sale, sale and after-sale . 2.Your problems can get feedback in 8 hours and be solved in 24 hours. 3.Machine can be customized as per your requirement. 4.One year quality warranty. 5.Training: operation manual and DVD operation video, overseas installation is also available. 6.Spare parts are available in our factory at cost price for former customers.
Other models for your choice:
Model
Drilling Caliber
Max. depth
Feature
XY100
75~300mm
100m
Disassemble drill tower;
Small in size.
XY-130
75~300mm
130m
XY-150
75~400mm
150m
XY-180
75~400mm
180m
XY-200
75~400mm
200m
XY-200F
75~400mm
200m
Integrative drill tower;
Easy to transport.
XY-200C
75~400mm
200m
XY-600F
75~500mm
600m
FAQ
Q1: Are you trading company or manufacturer? A1: We are original equipment manufacturer.we design,produce and sell.We master the core technology, and constantly adjust our products according to the market trend and customer feedback, ensure product quality.
Q2: How long is your delivery time? A2: It is according to the model and quantity. Generally it is 3-5 days if the machines are in stock. It will be 15-30 days if you want to customize the machines.
Q3: What do I need to do after payment? A3: a) If under FOB trading terms,you need to employ a ship forwarder to ship the goods to you; b) Under CIF trading terms,we send the goods to the destination port,and contact you to pick up the goods; All documents for customs clearance will be sent to you by international express after shipment.
How to choose a suitable drilling rig?
1. What will you do using drilling rig? —For water project, core sample, soil test, mineral prospect or others?
2. The depth you need? —For water well, generally, 30-200m. For core sample, 30-600m, even more.
3. Any requirements to hole diameter?
—Within a certain range, the smaller diameter, the deeper depth. Mathematically, we call it inversely proportional.
4. Working land condition? A. soil, sand, weathered land, etc. soft stratum. B. soil, sand, soft and hard rock stratum, mixed one. C. Mainly hard rock, like granite.
Based on the above information, Our experienced engineers will help you recommend suitable machine and price. If you have special demands, please tell us ahead.
About Us
HangZhou CZPT Mechanical & Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd. locates in High-tech zone of HangZhou city, China.
Our factory dedicates in manufacturing drilling rig since 1970s, more than 40 years’ experience of production and development makes our product quality rank in the leading position at home and abroad.
We are always seeking for ever greater perfection, keeping improving the production technology, offering better user experience.
An Overview of Worm Shafts and Gears
This article provides an overview of worm shafts and gears, including the type of toothing and deflection they experience. Other topics covered include the use of aluminum versus bronze worm shafts, calculating worm shaft deflection and lubrication. A thorough understanding of these issues will help you to design better gearboxes and other worm gear mechanisms. For further information, please visit the related websites. We also hope that you will find this article informative.
Double throat worm gears
The pitch diameter of a worm and the pitch of its worm wheel must be equal. The 2 types of worm gears have the same pitch diameter, but the difference lies in their axial and circular pitches. The pitch diameter is the distance between the worm’s teeth along its axis and the pitch diameter of the larger gear. Worms are made with left-handed or right-handed threads. The lead of the worm is the distance a point on the thread travels during 1 revolution of the worm gear. The backlash measurement should be made in a few different places on the gear wheel, as a large amount of backlash implies tooth spacing. A double-throat worm gear is designed for high-load applications. It provides the tightest connection between worm and gear. It is crucial to mount a worm gear assembly correctly. The keyway design requires several points of contact, which block shaft rotation and help transfer torque to the gear. After determining the location of the keyway, a hole is drilled into the hub, which is then screwed into the gear. The dual-threaded design of worm gears allows them to withstand heavy loads without slipping or tearing out of the worm. A double-throat worm gear provides the tightest connection between worm and gear, and is therefore ideal for hoisting applications. The self-locking nature of the worm gear is another advantage. If the worm gears are designed well, they are excellent for reducing speeds, as they are self-locking. When choosing a worm, the number of threads that a worm has is critical. Thread starts determine the reduction ratio of a pair, so the higher the threads, the greater the ratio. The same is true for the worm helix angles, which can be one, two, or 3 threads long. This varies between a single thread and a double-throat worm gear, and it is crucial to consider the helix angle when selecting a worm. Double-throat worm gears differ in their profile from the actual gear. Double-throat worm gears are especially useful in applications where noise is an issue. In addition to their low noise, worm gears can absorb shock loads. A double-throat worm gear is also a popular choice for many different types of applications. These gears are also commonly used for hoisting equipment. Its tooth profile is different from that of the actual gear.
Bronze or aluminum worm shafts
When selecting a worm, a few things should be kept in mind. The material of the shaft should be either bronze or aluminum. The worm itself is the primary component, but there are also addendum gears that are available. The total number of teeth on both the worm and the addendum gear should be greater than 40. The axial pitch of the worm needs to match the circular pitch of the larger gear. The most common material used for worm gears is bronze because of its desirable mechanical properties. Bronze is a broad term referring to various copper alloys, including copper-nickel and copper-aluminum. Bronze is most commonly created by alloying copper with tin and aluminum. In some cases, this combination creates brass, which is a similar metal to bronze. The latter is less expensive and suitable for light loads. There are many benefits to bronze worm gears. They are strong and durable, and they offer excellent wear-resistance. In contrast to steel worms, bronze worm gears are quieter than their counterparts. They also require no lubrication and are corrosion-resistant. Bronze worms are popular with small, light-weight machines, as they are easy to maintain. You can read more about worm gears in CZPT’s CZPT. Although bronze or aluminum worm shafts are the most common, both materials are equally suitable for a variety of applications. A bronze shaft is often called bronze but may actually be brass. Historically, worm gears were made of SAE 65 gear bronze. However, newer materials have been introduced. SAE 65 gear bronze (UNS C90700) remains the preferred material. For high-volume applications, the material savings can be considerable. Both types of worms are essentially the same in size and shape, but the lead on the left and right tooth surfaces can vary. This allows for precise adjustment of the backlash on a worm without changing the center distance between the worm gear. The different sizes of worms also make them easier to manufacture and maintain. But if you want an especially small worm for an industrial application, you should consider bronze or aluminum.
Calculation of worm shaft deflection
The centre-line distance of a worm gear and the number of worm teeth play a crucial role in the deflection of the rotor. These parameters should be entered into the tool in the same units as the main calculation. The selected variant is then transferred to the main calculation. The deflection of the worm gear can be calculated from the angle at which the worm teeth shrink. The following calculation is helpful for designing a worm gear. Worm gears are widely used in industrial applications due to their high transmittable torques and large gear ratios. Their hard/soft material combination makes them ideally suited for a wide range of applications. The worm shaft is typically made of case-hardened steel, and the worm wheel is fabricated from a copper-tin-bronze alloy. In most cases, the wheel is the area of contact with the gear. Worm gears also have a low deflection, as high shaft deflection can affect the transmission accuracy and increase wear. Another method for determining worm shaft deflection is to use the tooth-dependent bending stiffness of a worm gear’s toothing. By calculating the stiffness of the individual sections of a worm shaft, the stiffness of the entire worm can be determined. The approximate tooth area is shown in figure 5. Another way to calculate worm shaft deflection is by using the FEM method. The simulation tool uses an analytical model of the worm gear shaft to determine the deflection of the worm. It is based on a two-dimensional model, which is more suitable for simulation. Then, you need to input the worm gear’s pitch angle and the toothing to calculate the maximum deflection.
Lubrication of worm shafts
In order to protect the gears, worm drives require lubricants that offer excellent anti-wear protection, high oxidation resistance, and low friction. While mineral oil lubricants are widely used, synthetic base oils have better performance characteristics and lower operating temperatures. The Arrhenius Rate Rule states that chemical reactions double every 10 degrees C. Synthetic lubricants are the best choice for these applications. Synthetics and compounded mineral oils are the most popular lubricants for worm gears. These oils are formulated with mineral basestock and 4 to 6 percent synthetic fatty acid. Surface-active additives give compounded gear oils outstanding lubricity and prevent sliding wear. These oils are suited for high-speed applications, including worm gears. However, synthetic oil has the disadvantage of being incompatible with polycarbonate and some paints. Synthetic lubricants are expensive, but they can increase worm gear efficiency and operating life. Synthetic lubricants typically fall into 2 categories: PAO synthetic oils and EP synthetic oils. The latter has a higher viscosity index and can be used at a range of temperatures. Synthetic lubricants often contain anti-wear additives and EP (anti-wear). Worm gears are frequently mounted over or under the gearbox. The proper lubrication is essential to ensure the correct mounting and operation. Oftentimes, inadequate lubrication can cause the unit to fail sooner than expected. Because of this, a technician may not make a connection between the lack of lube and the failure of the unit. It is important to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and use high-quality lubricant for your gearbox. Worm drives reduce backlash by minimizing the play between gear teeth. Backlash can cause damage if unbalanced forces are introduced. Worm drives are lightweight and durable because they have minimal moving parts. In addition, worm drives are low-noise and vibration. In addition, their sliding motion scrapes away excess lubricant. The constant sliding action generates a high amount of heat, which is why superior lubrication is critical. Oils with a high film strength and excellent adhesion are ideal for lubrication of worm gears. Some of these oils contain sulfur, which can etch a bronze gear. In order to avoid this, it is imperative to use a lubricant that has high film strength and prevents asperities from welding. The ideal lubricant for worm gears is 1 that provides excellent film strength and does not contain sulfur.
